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Biology and Medicine

A street lit with petunia plants with gardens of fireflies. The illustration was prepared using DALEE and is not a scientific image.

Glowing Botany: Glow-in-the-dark petunias are coming to cities

The Light Bio company has developed petunia plants that contain a lighting garden of fireflies. Will they give up the street lights?
Muscle in the making: stem cells of muscle tissue (their nuclei are marked in blue) gradually change their structure and function and become mature muscle cells (the cells whose nuclei have turned red). These cells will eventually fuse into one long, multinucleated muscle cell. The ability of this muscle to contract is thanks to a large number of protein fibers produced in the mature muscle cells (marked in green)

How a muscle is born

An artificial intelligence model sheds light on the specialization pathway of muscle cells and reveals an important control node along the way
Social hierarchy in mice. The image was produced using DALEE and should not be considered a scientific image

The race to the top of the wild mouse

Research in field mice under conditions simulating a natural environment reveals the different strategies used by females and males in creating social hierarchies
The cover photo on the issue: Cell Host & Microbe This is how the bacteriophages (in purple) affect the function of the bacteria by reversing the DNA - a reversal that changes their effect on the immune system. This effect is demonstrated by changing the color of the bacteria from yellow to green. Illustration credit: Tomm Blum

Gut bacteria are able to change their 'software' in response to inflammation, which may affect the immune system

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The intestine is a very dynamic organ that is constantly changing structurally, mechanically and chemically, and the intestinal bacteria are required to cope with this dynamism. One of the features that may help them in this is plasticity - the ability to undergo rapid genomic changes in response to changes in environmental conditions
Studying the reproductive timing of corals. The image was prepared using DALEE and should not be considered a scientific image

Citi coral and village coral

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Prof. Oren Levy researches the timing of the reproduction of corals around the world and is surprised by Dioc. However the biological clock of the corals is not adapted to the volume lights
Prof. Yaron Tykochinsky releases sea turtles. Photo courtesy of him

How can you tell if a green sea turtle will grow up to be male or female?

Researchers analyze the DNA and hormonal profile of the green turtles to understand their physiology, development and reproduction and ensure their survival
feelings of others. Image prepared using DALEE for illustration only. It should not be seen as a scientific picture

feelings of others

A study found that people who were exposed to emotional images reacted according to the reactions of others and judged harshly those who did not react like everyone else
The milk from the air in the center of the image will replace that of the cows grazing outside. Credit to the science site, via DALEE

The "Cow of the Sky" project - producing milk from the air

The Cow of Heaven project aims to find a way to produce milk protein from bacteria that feed on carbon dioxide and hydrogen
Children's theater. Illustration: depositphotos.com

Research on the stage

Theater researchers examined the reception of the Haifa International Festival for Children's Plays
Gal Vared holds a rope on which a soft coral grows in the coral reef at a depth of 15 meters in front of the Katsa beach (photograph: Dr. Ronan Lieberman)

Encouraging news: plastic pollution in the Gulf of Eilat is low compared to other coral reefs in the world

The research team: "We must act quickly to continue protecting our coral reefs" * The article is dedicated to the memory of Tal Ilon, a man of the sea, the commander of the Kfar Gaza alert squad who was murdered on October 7
The action of mitochondria in the respiratory system of plants. Courtesy of the researchers

The genetics of breathing

Researchers have characterized genes and proteins that are involved in the splicing process in the mitochondria of plants and are essential for cellular respiration and growth
The bright twinkling is the supernova SN 2023ixf in the Vane Galaxy. Image based on telescopic data obtained on May 20, 21 and 22, 2023. Credit: Travis Dew, University of Arizona (Hosseinzadeh et al. 2023)

A once-in-a-lifetime supernova: unprecedented mapping of a stellar explosion

Marco Polo won, posthumously. Source: Wikipedia, Maria Lee

About the man who cloned a giant sheep and released it into the wild against the law

An American farmer who illegally cloned a giant sheep - and tried to develop a new hybrid species throughout the United States and release it into the wild
Leucoraja ocellata species photographed at the cold end of its range, Labrador Sea, Newfoundland, Canada. (Photo: Shahar Chaikin)

living on the edge

Fish that change their distribution towards the poles due to climate change are declining in abundance
A solar eclipse affects animal behavior. Credit: The Science website, via DALEE

The solar eclipse may confuse the behavior of the birds

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Unlike the 2017 eclipse that occurred in August, this eclipse occurs when the spring migration is already underway. And since most birds fly at night, a solar eclipse may affect them significantly
A herd of elephants illustration: depositphotos.com

The mystery of the prehistoric quarrying sites has been solved: the connection between man, the elephant and the source of water

Why did the ancient man return again and again, over hundreds of thousands of years, to the same quarry sites? It turns out that the secret lies in the migration routes of the elephants
A herd of Triceratops horridus walks in a swamp during the Cretaceous period. Credit Bart Boss

Spielberg was right: triceratops lived together (video)

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A decade-long study shows that five three-horned dinosaurs lived - and died - together, similar to their depiction in Steven Spielberg's Jurassic World
Photo credit: Hagai Nativ, Maurice Kahn Marine Research Station, University of Haifa

With the help of artificial intelligence: an effect of ship noise on dolphins was found for the first time

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According to the researchers, the dolphins communicate in a different way and change their vocal behavior when they encounter the noise of a ship and therefore they are definitely affected by the noise of the ships. Past studies have already shown that a change in vocal behavior can be related to stress and distress
A fitness pill. Credit: The Science website via DALEE

New 'workout pill' can cause fitness benefits without exercise

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Researchers report new compounds that appear to be able to mimic the physical drive of exercise—at least in rodent cells. This discovery could lead to a new way to treat muscular dystrophy and other medical conditions in humans, including heart failure and neurodegenerative diseases
A family of chimpanzees. lost the tail Illustration: depositphotos.com

Why did we lose the tail?

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The loss of the tail occurred about 25 million years ago, when the lineage of humans and great apes split from that of the ancient apes. The researchers identified the insertion of a specific AluY element into the intron of the TBXT gene as a key event that could explain the loss of the tail
Smoking and ultraviolet radiation end the effects of aging. Credit: The Science website via DALEE

The cause of aging: cumulative damage from factors such as radiation and smoking causes low expression of long genes

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Dutch researchers found that this process happens all the time and damages all genes, but the longer the genes, the more likely they are to be damaged because they have more sites. Especially the great damage is to nerve cells due to their inability to regenerate
The image illustrates the complex interactions described in your summary, and shows the complex choices that bacteriophages make between aggression and dormancy within their bacterial hosts, which are influenced by environmental cues and the health of the host. This represents the sophisticated mechanisms at work in bacterial and viral interactions as revealed by the study. Credit: The Science website via DALEE

How do viruses decide whether to stay friendly?

This is how the decision-making mechanism of viruses works
The new yeast was discovered for the first time by chance in a mouse intestine (fluorescence microscope image of intestinal tissue, in red - yeast cells named after Weizmann)

Yeast against yeast: Healthy competition between different fungal species in the gut may protect against life-threatening infections

Scientists of the Weizmann Institute of Science have discovered a new species of Schmer that is able to push the legs of other species that may be dangerous to health; The scientists named the new species after Dr. Chaim Weizman
Brain diseases. Illustration: depositphotos.com

Neurological morbidity is the world's number 1 cause of morbidity and disability, with over 3 billion people with brain diseases

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Neurological morbidity is the world's number 1 cause of morbidity and disability, with over 3 billion people with brain diseases * according to an article published this weekend in the Lancet. The scope of morbidity and disability has grown since 1990 by 18%
Cut in a fetal body. Courtesy of the researchers

How - and where - does a disease begin?

Researchers discovered which genes are required for each stage of cell differentiation into neural stem cells and neurons, i.e. for brain development, and which of them are involved in diseases of the nervous system
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