The "Very Large Telescope" partnership announces its first scientific discovery - a quasar with energy levels above 100 GeV
The LST collaboration discovered the distant quasar OP 313 at very high energies. The image was created by DALEE and shows a high-energy quasar against the CTAO-North radio telescope in La Palma, Spain. The image is for illustration only and is not a scientific image
On December 15, the Large Telescope Partnership (LST) announced on the Astronomer's Telegram website the discovery of the source OP 313 at very high energies using LST-1. Although OP 313 has been known at low energies, it has never been detected above 100 GeV, so this is the first scientific discovery of LST-1. These results make OP 313 the most distant AGN (active galactic nucleus) ever discovered by the Cherenkov Telescope, and are yet another example of the exceptional performance of the LST prototype while in service at the CTAO-North site in La Palma Island, Spain.
OP 313 is a so-called flat-spectrum radio quasar (FSRQ), a type of AGN. These are very luminous objects located in the center of some galaxies, as a supermassive black star devours matter from its surroundings and creates absorption discs and jets of light and relativistic particles.
LST-1 observed this source between December 10 and 14, after receiving an alert from the Fermi-LAT satellite that showed anomalous high activity in the low-energy gamma radiation regime, which was also verified in the optical domain using various instruments. With only four days of data, the LST collaboration was able to discover the source that exceeds 100 giga-electron volts (GeV), an energy level a billion times greater than the visible light that humans can sense.
Only nine very high-energy quasars are known, and OP 313 is now the tenth. In general, it is more difficult to detect quasars at very high energies than other types of AGN. This is because the brightness of their absorption disk weakens the emission of gamma rays, and in addition they are further away. In this case, OP 313 is at a distance of 0.997 redshift or 8 billion light years, and is the most distant AGN and the second most distant source ever discovered at very high energies.
The more distant the source, the more difficult it is to observe it at very high energies because of what is known as the extragalactic background light (EBL). The EBL is the combined light emitted by all objects outside the Milky Way that spans many wavelengths - visible light, AA and UV. The EBL operates on the gamma radiation with very high energies, weakening its flux and thus making it difficult to observe. The properties of LST-1 with sensitivity optimized for the low energy range of CTAO, between 20 and 150 GeV, where the gamma radiation is less affected by the EBL, allowed the LST collaboration to expand the study of this source for the first time to tens of GeV.
The LST Collaboration will continue to observe this source using LST-1 to increase the data pool, thereby achieving a more precise analysis that will allow scientists to better understand the EBL, study the magnetic fields within this type of source, and delve into fundamental intergalactic physics.
More of the topic in Hayadan:
2 תגובות
Shut up and take a nap.
The astrophysicist lacks a Genesis network
Parashat Beresheit of Physics and Geometry 13
Man must recognize that he is unable to understand the beginning of the things that exist in physical reality, such as the sun, the moon, the air, humans, animals, and many other things.
Therefore, he must recognize the miraculous idea of creation.
So said the neurotic Don Quixote
In the beginning, God created
the infinite geometric emptiness.
The geometric emptiness had an infinite length.
Geometric emptiness had infinite space.
Geometric emptiness had infinite volume.
The imagination filled the geometric emptiness with geometric shapes such as lines, circles, triangles, squares, and more
The shape of the circle is created from a certain amount of closed length, containing a certain amount of area.
The shape of the triangle was created from a certain amount of closed length, containing a certain amount of area.
Parashat Beresheit of Physics and Geometry 14
The square shape is created from a certain amount of closed length, containing a certain amount of area.
Length is a completely different thing than surface, but these two things are quantitative.
Therefore, a geometric shape is created by adding quantities of two other quantitative things - length and area
Quantity is the name of a very important natural knowledge.
Every person knows that the number of hairs on his head is greater than the number of fingers on his hand.
And he knows that the number of stars in the sky is greater than the number of hairs in his head.
And he knows that the length of a toothpick is smaller than the length of a pencil.
And he knows that the amount of space of a table is smaller than the amount of space of a room, in which there is a table
Area length and volume are "geometrical things"
But the first geometric thing is the line.
In the beginning the line was created, and it has length and shape.
The line shapes are straight, closed round, curved
Parashat Beresheit of Physics and Geometry 15
The line is the element of geometry, and not the point?
A line has actual length and shape, and these to a point
There is no actual length, no actual width, and no shape.
After the line, constructed geometric shapes appeared
From a quantity of closed length, containing a quantity of area.
And the miraculous creation continues.
And God will see that the infinite geometric emptiness contains only geometric shapes, and will fill the geometric emptiness with a passive time that does not move from its place, and is completely at rest.
Absolute rest passive time presents a physical creation, which joins the geometrical creation.
In the geometric creation there was an infinite volume,
Empty and the passive time, filled this volume.
Passive time is intangible, and it can be imagined as a thin and transparent cloud occupying an infinite volume.
And although passive time is intangible,
It belongs to physics, not geometry.
Parashat Beresheit of Physics and Geometry 16
And the miracle of creation continues
And God will turn passive time into absolute cold,
Thus the limit of cold in the world was determined.
And the passive time was absolute rest and absolute cold, and it occupied an infinite geometric volume.
And God said - the created creation is good.
And the miraculous creation continued
And God saw the lonely and sad state of the passive time that is on the border of the cold, and added to it the joyful, multi-faceted quantitative energy.
And the joyful quantum energy mingled with the passive time, creating in it rapid waves of passive time, carrying with them the light of the sun,
And God will drown in the cheerful quantum energy a physical law that says:
Many appearances you will have, but the ever-changing amount will be preserved, and there will be no lack of it.
And the cheerful quantitative energy, very happy.
Parashat Beresheit of Physics and Geometry 17
And God saw that the joyful quantitative energy does change its appearances, while being careful to preserve the changing quantity - and said that it is good.
After these things, God commanded the quantitative passive time and the quantitative energy, which were mixed together, to start creating the matter
And the passive time and energy, didn't know what to do.
because they are two other quantitative things,
And Bat Kol will come and tell them.
Also length and area are two other quantitative geometrical things, look at them and so you will do.
As when adding a quantity of closed length, which contains a quantity of area, a geometric shape is created -
Thus by adding a quantity of energy to a quantity of passive time, a physical form can be created.
And the voice went on to say.
Geometric shapes are triangle, rectangle, circle
And physical forms are gold, carbon, hydrogen,
Parashat Beresheit of Physics and Geometry 18
And the passive time and the energy were surprised - and they quickly came to their senses and said - do as God commanded.
And so the creation of the material, into its forms, began.
A certain amount of passive time, connected with
A certain amount of joyful energy, and from this certain combination of quantities, a physical form of gold was created.
And once again a certain amount of passive time was combined with a certain amount of cheerful energy, and from this new combination of quantities, a physical form of iron was created.
And once again, a certain amount of passive time was combined with a certain amount of joyful energy, and from this new combination of quantities, a physical form of carbon was created
And so the passive time and the cheerful energy created many physical forms, and they filled the infinite geometric space.
From these physical forms, the stars were created.
Parashat Beresheit of Physics and Geometry 19
Thus the infinite geometric space filled with passive time and energy became the place of creation of stars that stand still and do not move.
And the stagnation of the stars standing still and not moving, did not please God.
And God commanded the stars to move forever only in a screw-shaped orbit, which has 3 figures.
speed
The diameter of the screw track,
Advancement angle of the screw track.
And the stars began to move as required of them.
They did not move in an open straight line path, nor in a closed circular path.
Each planet moves in a spiral orbit that has three unique data -
unique diameter,
unique promotion angle,
And a unique speed in the Borgi track...
Parashat Beresheit of Physics and Geometry 20
This form of orbit created from all the stars moving in helical orbits, a marvelous movement unit. The shape of this wonderful movement unit is
Discus shape, standing still and not moving.
And even though the discus stands still and does not move, all the stars in it move in spiral orbits, which are integrated with each other.
And the miraculous creation continues.
And God commanded this discus - which swarms with moving stars in spiral orbits - to move forever in a straight line in infinite geometric space.
And the discus moved in a straight line, and did not stand still.
And this discus will be named - and it will rise.
And the universe moves forever in a straight line, in an infinite space full of passive time and energy, when the stars in it move in helical orbits -
The speed of the universe in a straight line is absolute,
And only a completely relaxed observer can notice it.
(estimated kit C12)
Parashat Beresheit of Physics and Geometry 21
The universe has the shape of a disk and the moving stars in it were created by the passive time and energy that fill the infinite space.
Space is of infinite size, and the universe has a finite size, the discus is of a finite size.
The number of stars in the universe is finite but not fixed. Stars are born from passive time and energy that exists in infinite space, and at the end of their lives they give their energy and passive time to infinite space
This infinite space, full of passive time and energy is the birth place of stars, and also the place of their death.
Passive time and passive time waves are new concepts in science, which first appeared in neurophysics.